Revisi Permentan Patok DOC Rp4.800, Pasokan Peternak Besar dan Kecil `Fifty Fifty`
Revised the Ministerial Decree Prevent Business Monopoly of Broilers in Indonesia
Reporter : Gusmiati Waris
Editor : Cahyani Harzi
Translator : Dhelia Gani
Jakarta (B2B) - Pemerintah RI melalui Kementerian Pertanian melakukan revisi Peraturan Menteri Pertanian (Permentan) No 26/2016 tentang Penyediaan, Peredaran, dan Pengawasan Ayam Ras, dengan menetapkan harga patokan (single price) untuk bibit ayam atau day old chicken (DOC) Rp4.800 per ekor, harga ayam di kandang Rp18.000 per ekor, dan harga jual di pasar Rp32.000 per kg.
Revisi Permentan No 26/2016 yang diteken oleh Menteri Pertanian RI Andi Amran Sulaiman pada Selasa (6/12) di kantor Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) disaksikan oleh Ketua KPPU Syarkawi Rauf; pimpinan Gabungan Pengusaha Pembibitan Unggas (GPPU); Dirjen Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan (PKH) Kementan, I Ketut Diarmita; dan Dirjen Perdagangan Dalam Negeri Kemendag, Oke Nurwan dan perwakilan dari Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK), Badan Reserse Kriminal (Bareskrim) Polri, dan Kejaksaan Agung.
Mentan Amran Sulaiman mengatakan revisi Permentan bertujuan mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi oleh peternak ayam petelur seperti pakan ternak khususnya kendala pasokan jagung, pasokan telur yang tidak terkendali dari kandang closed house, harga DOC naik lantaran menjual sebagian telur breeding menjadi telur konsumsi, dan peternak diwajibkan membayar pajak sesuai dengan peraturan perpajakan yang tidak sesuai dengan kondisi di lapangan.
"Revisi Permentan sebagai solusi masalah perunggasan khususnya ayam ras di Indonesia, dan adanya masukan dari KPPU dan stakeholder perunggasan saat public hearing pada akhir Oktober lalu," kata Mentan kepada pers usai pertemuan dengan KPPU dan pihak-pihak terkait.
Menurutnya, pelaku industri perunggasan sudah menyetujui revisi Permentan yang terbaru sehingga tidak ada pihak yang dirugikan dengan adanya penetapan harga patokan yang mulai berlaku hari ini, misalnya harga DOC di tingkat produsen ditetapkan Rp4.800 per ekor agar harga jual ayam di tingkat peternak dan pasar dapat lebih rendah, sementara sebelumnya di kisaran Rp5.000 hingga Rp6.000.
Sementara Ketua KPPU Syarkawi Rauf menyatakan revisi Permentan memberikan jaminan pasokan DOC dari produsen kepada peternak mandiri. Sebelumnya, produsen memprioritaskan pasokan DOC kepada peternak integrator (binaan) hingga 90% dan peternak hanya mendapat alokasi 10%.
"Revisi Permentan memberi peluang sama bagi peternak mandiri dan peternak integrator dengan porsi DOC fifty-fifty," kata Syarkawi.
Statistik Peternakan 2015
Direktorat Jenderal PKH Kementan menyatakan berdasarkan Statistik Peternakan 2015, untuk memenuhi kebutuhan protein hewani asal ternak, terutama komoditas ayam dengan kontribusi hingga 55% daging dan 71% telur, sementara ayam lokal hanya 11% daging dan 11% telur.
Dirjen Peternakan I Ketut Diarmita mengatakan keberadaan ayam ras menimbulkan revolusi menu orang Indonesia dari red-meat ke white-meat, yang semula mengonsumsi 55% daging sapi/kerbau turun menjadi 17%, dan beralih mengonsumsi daging ayam yang meningkat hingga 67% dalam dalam kurun waktu 50 tahun terakhir padahal sebelumnya hanya 5%.
"Dalam perkembangannya, usaha peternakan ayam ras pedaging atau broiler menjadi suatu industri yang dilengkapi dengan industri pendukungnya yaitu pakan, bibit, obat-obatan dan industri pendukung lainnya. Untuk meningkatkan efisiensi usaha ayam ras, banyak pelaku usaha mengintegrasikan usahanya dari hulu, budidaya hingga hilir," kata Diarmita.
Dia menambahkan, berdasarkan hasil pengamatan diketahui bahwa usaha peternakan broiler sekitar 80% dikuasai perusahaan integrasi dan hanya 20% peternak mandiri, yang kesulitan bersaing dengan peternak integrasi merujuk pada sisi penguasaan sarana produksi dan efisiensi usaha.
Hasil produksi ayam ras pedaging dari peternak integrasi sekitar 20% untuk pengolahan dan 80% dijual ke pasar tradisional sehingga market share peternak ayam mandiri di pasar tradisional menurun.
Jakarta (B2B) - Indonesian government through the Agriculture Ministry revised the Ministerial Decree Number 26/2016 on the supply, distribution, and control of broilers that decided single price for day old chicken (DOC) 4,800 rupiah per head, from farms of 18,000 rupiah per head, and selling price in the market 32,000 thousand per kg.
Revised ministerial decree signed by Agriculture Minister Andi Amran Sulaiman on Tuesday (6/12) in an office the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU) was witnessed by Chairman of KPPU Syarkawi Rauf, leaders of Poultry Breeding Business Associations (GPPU); Director General of Livestock and Animal Health, I Ketut Diarmita; Director General of Domestic Trade in the Trade Ministry, Oke Nurwan; and representatives of Anti-graft Commission, National Police´s Criminal Investigation Division and the Attorney General.
Mr Sulaiman said revised the Ministerial Decree aims to overcome the problems faced by farmers laying hens such as animal feed particularly supply constraints of maize, egg supply uncontrolled from the closed house, DOC price rise because some eggs breeding sold as egg consumption, and farmers must pay taxes in accordance governmental regulations.
"The revised regulations become solutions of broilers business problems in the country, and input from the KPPU
and stakeholders at a public hearing in late October," Minister Sulaiman told the press after coordination meeting with the KPPU and relevant parties.
According to him, the poultry industry is already approved a revised Regulation of the latest so that there is no objection with a single price prevailing today, for example, the price of the DOC at the producer level is set 4,800 rupiah per head so that selling price of chicken at the farmer level and the market can be lower, while previously 5,000 up to 6,000 rupiah.
While KPPU´s Rauf said revised the ministerial decree provides certainty DOC supply from producers to small farmers. Previously, producers prioritize big farmers to 90%, and small farmers only get a quota 10%.
"The new provisions provide equal opportunities for small farmers and big farmers with portion of DOC fifty-fifty," Rauf said.
The 2015 Livestocks Statistics
The Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health declared based on the 2015 Livestocks Statistics that in order to meet the needs of animal protein from livestock, especially chickens commodities up to 55% of meat and 71% of eggs, 11% of local chicken meat and eggs 11%.
Director General I Ketut Diarmita said broilers change menu Indonesian people from the red-meat to white-meat, which originally consuming beef and buffalo 55% down to 17%, and then consuming the chicken meat increased by 67% in the last 50 years previously only 5%.
"Livestock broilers grown into a huge industry that is supported by the feed industry, seeds, medicines and other support. To increase business efficiency broilers, the big employers doing business integration from upstream to downstream," Diarmita said.
He added that based on observed that broiler farm businesses about 80% controlled by big farmers and only 20% of small farmers, who struggle to compete with big farmers refer to the production capacity and business efficiency.
The production of big farmers for processing about 20%, and 80% are sold in traditional markets so that market share for small farmers in traditional markets go down.
