Jagung Prolific Tongkol Dua Andalan Balitbang Pertanian Capai Swasembada Jagung
Indonesia`s IAARD Developed Corn Prolific Cobs Two
Reporter : Gusmiati Waris
Editor : Cahyani Harzi
Translator : Dhelia Gani
Jakarta (B2B) - Kementerian Pertanian RI menginstruksikan Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian (Balitbangtan) mendukung pengembangan benih sebar varietas hibrida, jagung prolific tongkol dua dengan produktivitas 14 ton per hektar untuk mendukung langkah Pemerintah RI menghentikan impor jagung pada 2017.
Kepala Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Ali Jamil mengatakan Menteri Pertanian RI Andi Amran Sulaiman melalui surat keputusan (SK) pada Desember 2015 menginstruksikan Balitbangtan mengembangkan benih sebar dari beberapa varietas unggul khususnya jagung prolific tongkol dua, dan Kepala Balitbangtan Muhammad Syakir telah memberi ´tugas khusus´ kepada Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serelia di Kabupaten Maros, Sulawesi Selatan untuk melakukan koordinasi dengan para produsen benih maupun penangkar di seluruh Indonesia.
"Jagung dari konteks Litbang memang di bawah Balit Sereli Maros, sesuai arahan Mentan pada panen jagung di Sumbawa, NTB pada 19 Agustus lalu meminta Litbang tidak hanya menyiapkan benih super tapi juga benih sebarnya, walau selama ini bukan tugas Litbang untuk melakukan benih sebar, tapi surat Mentan pada Desember 2015 menugaskan Litbang melakukan benih sebar khususnya komoditas strategis pajale yaitu padi, jagung dan kedelai," kata Ali Jamil di Jakarta pada Senin (19/9).
Doktor lulusan UPLB Los Banos Filipina ini menambahkan bahwa jagung hibrida bertongkol dua, sebutan umum jagung prolific, merupakan hasil persilangan galur-galur elit yang sudah memasuki tahun kelima telah mendapatkan sejumlah galur harapan baru dengan sifat prolific yang mampu menghasilkan jagung bertongkol dua.
Menurut mantan Kepala Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Riau ini, galur MZ-RF adalah galur unggul hasil seleksi yang diharapkan menjadi jagung hibrida bertongkol dua pertama yang dihasilkan oleh sarjana pertanian Indonesia. Selain produksinya tinggi, mencapai 14 ton per hektar, juga mempunyai sifat stay green atau daun dan batang masih hijau saat umur panen tercapai, sehingga sangat sesuai untuk integrasi dengan ternak.
"Hibrida unggul terbaru Balitbangtan ini sedang dalam proses uji multi lokasi di sejumlah sentra pengembangan jagung seperti di Sulawesi Selatan, Jawa Timur, NTB, Lampung dan sejumlah lokasi lainnya sehingga mampu mendukung produktivitas jagung nasional," kata Ali Jamil, pria kelahiran Mandailing Natal, Provinsi Sumatera Utara.
Instruksi Mentan
Sebagaimana diketahui Kementerian Pertanian RI berupaya meniadakan jagung impor, dengan anggaran tambahan Rp1,2 triliun untuk pengembangan lahan jagung 724.000 hektar di 29 provinsi dengan target produksi 3,5 juta juta ton jagung kering pipil pada 2017, yang akan diserap oleh industri pakan ternak anggota Gabungan Perusahaan Makanan Ternak (GPMT).
"Insya Allah jagung hibrida bertongkol dua siap kita lepas pada awal 2017, produksi dan manfaatnya akan lebih unggul, dan logistik benih harus lebih hebat... nah kepala badan sangat concern untuk melakukan perbanyakan sesuai instruksi menteri dan benih sebarnya sudah disiapkan..," kata Ali Jamil.
Menurutnya, Balitbangtan mengantisipasi hal itu sejak 2012 dengan mengembangkan Sistem Informasi Unit Pengelola Benih Sumber (SI-UPBS) didukung BPTP dan LPTP (Loka Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian) di seluruh Indonesia, dan SI-UPBS awalnya dikembangkan untuk mendukung sistem pemantauan dan pelaporan kegiatan produksi, distribusi, stok dan manajemen benih yang dilaksanakan UPBS di BPTP/LPTP yang secara resmi berjalan serentak sejak 2012.
Peran utama UPBS BPTP/LPTP adalah melakukan produksi benih kelas FS atau benih dasar, SS (benih pokok), dan ES (benih sebar), dan produksi benih padi misalnya untuk varietas-varietas terbaru yang dilakukan UPBS ditujukan untuk mendukung diseminasi inovasi pertanian agar petani mendapat benih berkualitas prima dengan varietas yang lebih unggul daripada yang digunakan petani selama ini.
Mulai 2015, cakupan SI UPBS diperluas cakupannya dengan mengakomodir kegiatan produksi dan distribusi benih padi, jagung dan kedelai oleh UPBS lingkup Balitbangtan dan mulai tahun ini, SI UPBS juga menyajikan data penangkar benih padi, jagung, dan kedelai berikut kapasitas produksi tiap musim tanam.
"Khusus untuk jagung hibrida bertongkol dua kami harapkan dukungan produsen benih dan mitra penangkar bisa mendukung percepatan diseminasi," kata Ali Jamil.
Menurut penelusuran B2B, keberadaan penangkar jagung di seluruh Indonesia tergolong minim ketimbang padi dan jagung. Sebut misalnya di Provinsi Sumatera Utara hanya ada dua penangkar yakni BBI Jawa Tengah di Kecamatan Hatonduan, Kabupaten Simalungun dan UPT BI Gabe Hutaraja di Kecamatan Sipoholon, Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. Sementara di Provinsi Riau ada empat penangkar yakni BBI Padi Kampar di Kabupaten Kampar, BBI Terpadu di Kabupaten Rokan Hulu, dan dua penangkar di Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu yakni KT Mekar Jaya dan BBI Petar.
Jakarta (B2B) - The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development of Agriculture Ministry (IAARD) instructed by the ministry to disseminate seed of corn prolific cobs two with productivity of 14 tons per hectares in order not to rely on imports of corn and capable of self-sufficiency in 2017.
Director of Indonesian Center for Food Crops Research and Development (ICFORD) Ali Jamil said that the Minister Andi Amran Sulaiman through a decree in December 2015 instructed the IAARD to disseminate seed some varieties, especially corn prolific cobs two, and Director General of IAARD Muhammad Syakir has given ´special duty´ to the Indonesian Cereals Research Institute (ICERI) in Maros of South Sulawesi Province coordination with the seed producers and breeders across the country.
"Development of corn for IAARD indeed under Maros´s ICERI orders by the agriculture minister in the corn harvest in Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara on August 19 asking IAARD not only prepare of super seed but also extension seed, although this time is not our job, but the ministerial decree in December 2015 which are the responsibility of IAARD related to rice, corn and soybeans," Mr Jamil said here on Monday (19/9).
Doctoral graduate of UPLB Los Banos in Philippines added that corn prolific cobs two derived from crosses of two main lines after the fifth year will get a number of new strains with prolific nature that can produce the corn prolific cobs two.
According to the former director of Riau Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology (Riau AIAT) in Pekanbaru MZ-RF is a superior strain is expected to be two-hybrid maize cobs were first produced by agriculture graduate of Indonesia. High production reached 14 tons per hectares, also are stay green or the leaves and stems are still green until harvest time, making it suitable for integration in cattle breeding.
"Hybrid seed of IAARD is still undergoing the process of multi-location test in a number of development centers such as South Sulawesi, East Java, West Nusa Tenggara, Lampung and a number of other locations and to support the productivity of national corn," said Mr Jamil who was born in Mandailing Natal District of North Sumatra Province.
Instructions of Agriculture Minister
As is known to the Ministry of Agriculture seeks to to stop the maize imports, with an additional budget of 1.2 trillion rupiah to develop 724,000 hectares of land in 29 provinces with a production target of 3.5 million tons of dry seed corn in 2017, which will be supplied to the industry as the member association of animal feed (GPMT).
"God willing, the corn prolific cobs two ready for launch early next year, better production, and logistics seed must be more smoothly ... so the director-general is very concerned to carry out the instructions of minister," he said.
According to him, the IAARD anticipated it since 2012 to develop Information Systems Unit the Management Origin of Seed (SI-UPBS) which is supported by the AIAT across the country, and SI-UPBS was originally developed to support the monitoring and reporting systems of production, distribution, stock and management of seed officially operated since 2012.
The main role of UPBS are into seed production FS class or basic seed, SS (seed staple) and ES (seed spread), and rice seed production for example for the latest varieties that conducted by the UPBS to support dissemination of agricultural innovations so that the farmers get superior seed better than they were used.
Since 2015 coverage of UPBS expanded to accommodate the production and distribution of seeds of rice, corn and soybeans, and starting this year also presents data breeder of rice, corn, and soybeans, including the production capacity of each season.
"Especially for the corn prolific cobs two, we expect support breeder seed producers and partners to accelerate the dissemination," Mr Jamil said.
According to the observations of B2B, corn breeders across the country relatively minimal rather than rice and corn. Call it like in North Sumatra Province only two breeders that BBI Jawa Tengah in Hatonduan subdistrict of Simalungun district and UPT BI Gabe Hutaraja in Sipoholon subdistrict of North Tapanuli district. While in Riau Province there are four breeders ie BBI Padi Kampar in Kampar district, BBI Terpadu in Rokan Hulu district, and two breeders in Indragiri Hulu district ie KT Mekar Jaya and BBI Petar.
